包路径

wiki

whatever = require "whatever"       

Lua 会尝试在许多地方找到名为 whatever 的包，这些地方大多在名称中包含 whatever。如果找不到任何匹配项，Lua 会给出错误信息，列出所有尝试过的地方，例如

stdin:1: module 'whatever' not found:
	no field package.preload['whatever']
	no file '/usr/local/share/lua/5.2/whatever.lua'
	no file '/usr/local/share/lua/5.2/whatever/init.lua'
	no file '/usr/local/lib/lua/5.2/whatever.lua'
	no file '/usr/local/lib/lua/5.2/whatever/init.lua'
	no file './whatever.lua'
	no file '/usr/local/lib/lua/5.2/whatever.so'
	no file '/usr/local/lib/lua/5.2/loadall.so'
	no file './whatever.so'
stack traceback:
	[C]: in function 'require'
	stdin:1: in main chunk
	[C]: in ?

该列表的示意图保存在变量 package.path 中。对于上面的列表，该变量包含

/usr/local/share/lua/5.2/?.lua;/usr/local/share/lua/5.2/?/init.lua;/usr/local/lib/lua/5.2/?.lua;/usr/local/lib/lua/5.2/?/init.lua;./?.lua