Lua 编译器在 Lua 中

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Lua 编译器在 Lua 中

使用 Lua 解释器作为编译器

lua -e 'io.write(string.dump(assert(loadfile())))' <sample.lua >sample.out

Lua 5.1 发行版中也包含了此功能的基本版本（test/luac.lua）。

如果您想模拟 luac 在给定多个输入文件时的行为

-- https://lua-users.lua.ac.cn/wiki/LuaCompilerInLua

-- compile the input file(s)
local chunk = {}
for _, file in ipairs(arg) do
  chunk[#chunk + 1] = assert(loadfile(file))
end

if #chunk == 1 then
  chunk = chunk[1]
else
  -- combine multiple input files into a single chunk
  for i, func in ipairs(chunk) do
    chunk[i] = ("%sloadstring%q(...);"):format(
      i==#chunk and "return " or " ",
      string.dump(func))
  end
  chunk = assert(loadstring(table.concat(chunk)))
end

local out = assert(io.open("luac.lua.out", "wb"))
out:write(string.dump(chunk))
out:close()

以下是一个更完整的版本，它试图尽可能地模拟 luac（luac.c）的行为

-- luac.lua - partial reimplementation of luac in Lua.
-- https://lua-users.lua.ac.cn/wiki/LuaCompilerInLua
-- David Manura et al.
-- Licensed under the same terms as Lua (MIT license).

local outfile = 'luac.out'

-- Parse options.
local chunks = {}
local allowoptions = true
local iserror = false
local parseonly = false
while arg[1] do
  if     allowoptions and arg[1] == '-' then
    chunks[#chunks + 1] = arg[1]
    allowoptions = false
  elseif allowoptions and arg[1] == '-l' then
    io.stderr:write('-l option not implemented\n')
    iserror = true
  elseif allowoptions and arg[1] == '-o' then
    outfile = assert(arg[2], '-o needs argument')
    table.remove(arg, 1)
  elseif allowoptions and arg[1] == '-p' then
    parseonly = true
  elseif allowoptions and arg[1] == '-s' then
    io.stderr:write("-s option ignored\n")
  elseif allowoptions and arg[1] == '-v' then
    io.stdout:write(_VERSION .. " Copyright (C) 1994-2008 Lua.org, PUC-Rio\n")
  elseif allowoptions and arg[1] == '--' then
    allowoptions = false
  elseif allowoptions and arg[1]:sub(1,1) == '-' then
    io.stderr:write("luac: unrecognized option '" .. arg[1] .. "'\n")
    iserror = true
    break
  else
    chunks[#chunks + 1] = arg[1]
  end
  table.remove(arg, 1)
end
if #chunks == 0 then
  io.stderr:write("luac: no input files given\n")
  iserror = true
end

if iserror then
  io.stdout:write[[
usage: luac [options] [filenames].
Available options are:
  -        process stdin
  -l       list
  -o name  output to file 'name' (default is "luac.out")
  -p       parse only
  -s       strip debug information
  -v       show version information
  --       stop handling options
]]
  os.exit(1)
end

-- Load/compile chunks.
for i,filename in ipairs(chunks) do
  chunks[i] = assert(loadfile(filename ~= '-' and filename or nil))
end

if parseonly then
  os.exit(0)
end

-- Combine chunks.
if #chunks == 1 then
  chunks = chunks[1]
else
  -- Note: the reliance on loadstring is possibly not ideal,
  -- though likely unavoidable.
  local ts = { "local loadstring=loadstring;"  }
  for i,f in ipairs(chunks) do
    ts[i] = ("loadstring%q(...);"):format(string.dump(f))
  end
  --possible extension: ts[#ts] = 'return ' .. ts[#ts]
  chunks = assert(loadstring(table.concat(ts)))
end

-- Output.
local out = outfile == '-' and io.stdout or assert(io.open(outfile, "wb"))
out:write(string.dump(chunks))
if out ~= io.stdout then out:close() end

注意：列表 (-l) 可以通过 lbci [1] 实现。请参阅 lbci 发行版中的 print.lua。

Strip 可以用 Lua 实现 (LuaList:2008-02/msg01158.html)，并且 LuaJit 在 string.dump 中添加了此选项 [2]。

另请参阅

• [Yueliang] - 用 Lua 实现的 Lua 前端（解析器 + 词法分析器 + 代码生成器）。
• LuaInterpreterInLua - 用 Lua 重新实现了 Lua 5.1 解释器（lua.c）。
• [lhf 的 luac.lua] - 包含一个字节码黑客，用于创建一个隐藏的主函数，该函数调用列出的多个文件。（其主要目的是支持 require。）